不同抗疟药物对红内期恶性疟原虫3D7线粒体呼吸的影响

目的：利用Seahorse XFe96分析仪对6大类别共计13种国际一线抗疟药物作用于红内期恶性疟原虫3D7（Plasmodium falciparum 3D7）线粒体电子传递链（electron transport chain, ETC）进行评价。方法：采用三天抑制法和SYBR Green I荧光分析法对体外药物作用于P. falciparum 3D7的抗疟活性进行评价，采用磁珠分选技术对P. falciparum 3D7虫株进行分离纯化，采用Seahorse XF分析系统的线粒体耗氧率OCR值（Oxygen Consumption Rate）对P. falciparum 3D7线粒体不同时刻的生物能进行表征，进而考察不同抗疟药物对红内期恶性疟原虫线粒体有氧呼吸的影响。结果：流式检测结果显示，成功富集到虫期较为一致的滋养体期疟原虫。体外抗疟活性评价结果显示，除双胍类抗疟药物氯胍（proguanil, Pro）外，其余12种抗疟药物对P. falciparum 3D7的药效均为nmol/L级别。线粒体有氧呼吸考察的结果显示，双氢青蒿素（dihydroartemisinin, DHA）和氯喹（chloroquine, CQ）的5种浓度剂量（0.4、1、5、10、50×IC50）对P. falciparum 3D7线粒体有氧呼吸均无明显影响。13种常用抗疟药物在5×IC50浓度剂量下，青蒿素（artemisinin, ART）、蒿乙醚（arteether, ARE）和蒿甲醚（artemether, ARM）均能显著提高线粒体最大呼吸；奎宁（quinine, QN）和Pro仅对P. falciparum 3D7线粒体ETC的氧化磷酸化具有解偶联作用，未完全破坏线粒体ETC的功能；阿托伐醌（atovaquone, Ato）对P. falciparum 3D7线粒体有氧呼吸有明显的抑制作用，显著降低线粒体最大呼吸和质子的泄漏，完全破坏了线粒体ETC的功能；其余抗疟药物对P. falciparum 3D7线粒体有氧呼吸均无明显影响。 结论：13种国际一线抗疟药物中大多数抗疟药物的靶标并非是疟原虫线粒体有氧呼吸的ETC通路。     

ABET认证背景下分离工程课程量化评价体系的建设

课程量化评估体系建设对于实现学生综合素质和能力的培养十分关键。分离工程课程教学团队在 ABET认证背景下,基于“以学生为中心”和“持续改进”的教学理念,细化课程教学目标,构建了可量化的学生能力评价体系和课程的持续改进机制,并通过数据反馈不断改进教学,使专业培养目标在本课程中完美体现。课程量化评估体系的建设对于提升课程教学质量、实现专业培养目标、推进化工专业的国际化具有十分重要的意义。     

机械活化方式对超细矿物复合掺合料活性的影响

研究了气流磨和球磨对复合掺合料粒径分布的影响,并在此基础上探讨了掺合料不同机械活化方式对胶砂流动度、材料活性、混凝土抗压强度的影响,结合水泥净浆半绝热温升、X射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)等手段分析了复合掺合料活性提升的机理.结果 表明:经球磨活化处理的掺合料,在相同比表面积下,其颗粒粒径分布更宽,级配更优;随着复合掺合料比表面积的增大,胶砂流动度呈先增大后降低的趋势;随着复合掺合料比表面积的提高,材料水化活性明显提升,更多的Ca(OH)2被消耗而转化为AFt,其最优比表面积为700 m2/kg.     

Detecting Cysteine in Bioimaging with a Near-Infrared Probe Based on a Novel Fluorescence Quenching Mechanism

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are very significant for detecting cysteine in biological systems. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive NIR turn-on fluorescent probe (BDP-NIR) based on BODIPY with large Stokes shift (105 nm) for detecting Cys. We clarified the sensing mechanism based on the different thiol-induced S_NAr substitution/rearrangement reaction of the probe with cysteine and homocysteine/glutathione, which leads to the corresponding amino- and thiol-BODIPY dyes with distinct photophysical properties. Moreover, a novel mechanism of fluorescence quenching was demonstrated by density functional theory calculation. The reason for the fluorescence quenching of the probe might be intersystem crossing (from singlet to triplet excited state). Moreover, BDP-NIR had a high linear dynamic range of 0–500 μM, which was promising for detecting cysteine quantificationally. Significantly, BDP-NIR was capable of sensing endogenous cysteine in living cells and in vivo.     

Brief Review of Precipitated Iron-Based Catalysts for Low-Temperature Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis

Topics in Catalysis - Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising way to produce clean liquid fuels and high value-added chemicals from low-value carbon-containing resources such as coal,...     

基于聚集诱导发光效应的高固低黏丙烯酸荧光树脂的制备及其性能研究

为了研制一种具有荧光功能特性的高固低黏羟基丙烯酸树脂。从聚集诱导发光效应（AIE）出发，将具有 AIE性质的二对丙烯酸四苯乙烯酯荧光分子通过自由基共聚连接于聚合物链段。由于聚合物链段对荧光分子化学键固定以及聚合物链的包裹束缚作用，导致荧光分子运动受限，从而实现涂层在紫外灯下荧光发光。通过荧光光谱的实时跟踪，探索高固低黏羟基丙烯酸树脂的合成以及固化规律。此外，由于聚合物链段对外界刺激具有实时响应性，从而间接影响了所连接的荧光分子的荧光发光行为。因此，文中也探索了涂层在外界温度与化学气体的影响下所发生的荧光变化的规律，以探索其在功能涂层中应用的可行性。     

Toward an understanding of how red phosphorus and expandable graphite enhance the fire resistance of expandable polystyrene foams

Flame retardant expandable polystyrene (EPS) foams were prepared by coating method. Red phosphorus (RP) and expandable graphite (EG) were chosen as the flame retardants to be coated on the surface of expanded PS beads. By the presence of 33 phr RP/EG with a mass ratio of 1:1, the limiting oxygen index of EPS foam could reach up to 26.9%, with V-0 rating obtained in UL-94 test. The peak heat release rate could also decrease to 180.67 kW/m², which was 72.9% lower than that of neat EPS sample. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed an obvious increase of thermal stability and residue char amount by the presence of RP and EG. From the observation and analysis of char residue, it could be proposed that there existed a significant synergistic effect between RP and EG. RP could be oxidized and further react with graphite by the presence of oxygen at high temperature, forming isolated char layer and releasing nonflammable gases. Moreover, P radicals were generated at high temperature and could capture the radicals formed during the combustion of polystyrene and eliminate the burning chain reactions.     

推土机智能化控制技术的现状与发展趋势

随着电子信息技术的进步,推土机正在向自动化、智能化方向发展。从行走系统智能控制、工作装置智能控制、故障诊断等方面介绍了推土机智能化控制技术的现状,从数字化机械施工、工作装置智能引导与自动控制、互联网大数据共享、机群智能化控制管理等方面分析了推土机智能化控制技术的发展趋势。